Distance — Science definition
The total length of the path an object travels; a scalar, always positive, with no direction.
Where it is taught
- Describing Motion — Motion & Kinematics, Physics & Environmental Science, Grade 12
In use
Distance is the total path length actually traveled — every step, every detour, added up — and it never carries a direction or a sign.
Describing Motion
Questions using distance
Problem 1
A jogger runs 8 km east, then turns around and runs 5 km west along the same road. What total distance did she cover?
Answer and explanation
13 km
Distance is total path length: 8 + 5 = 13 km.
Problem 2
A runner completes a 400 m lap ending at the start. Find distance and displacement. Show the reasoning, not just the conclusion.
Hints
Final minus initial position should match the signed path sum.
Answer and explanation
Distance 400 m; displacement 0 m.
Problem 3
Explain the following claim and supply a valid example or counterexample: Distance traveled and displacement can differ even on a straight line.
Answer and explanation
Distance 8 m; displacement+2 m with east positive. Distance traveled and displacement can differ even on a straight line.
Response criteria
- State a scientifically accurate conclusion.
- Show the calculation or mechanism that supports it.
- Include units, conditions, or limits where relevant.
Problem 4
A robot moves 10 m east, then 6 m west. What total distance did it travel?
Answer and explanation
16 m
Distance is total path length: 10 + 6 = 16 m (the displacement, by contrast, is only 4 m east).