Solving Equations — Challenge
Undo what was done, in reverse order, doing the same thing to both sides every time.
What these problems cover
These questions use 2 ideas from the course. Follow any of them for a definition, where it is taught, and what it leads to.
- Distribute — Multiply a bracket out: 3(x + 4) = 3x + 12.
- Parallel — Same slope, different intercept.
Problem 1
Solve 3x+7=22.
- 3
- 5
- 7
- 9
- 15
Worked answer
5
Undo the addition first: subtract 7 from both sides to get 3x = 15.
Then undo the multiplication: divide both sides by 3 to get x = 5.
Check: 3(5)+7 = 22.
Problem 2
Solve 2(x-3)=14.
- 4
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
Worked answer
10
Divide both sides by 2 first: x-3 = 7.
Add 3 to both sides: x = 10.
Check: 2(10-3) = 2· 7 = 14.
Problem 3
Solve 5x-4=3x+10.
- 3
- 5
- 7
- 9
- 14
Worked answer
7
Collect the x terms on one side: subtract 3x from both sides to get 2x-4 = 10.
Add 4 to both sides: 2x = 14, so x = 7.
Check: 5(7)-4 = 31 and 3(7)+10 = 31.
Problem 4
Solve x3+x4=7.
- 6
- 9
- 12
- 14
- 21
Worked answer
12
Combine the left side over the common denominator 12: 4x12+3x12 = 7x12.
So 7x12 = 7, which gives 7x = 84 and x = 12.
Check: 123+124 = 4+3 = 7.
Problem 5
Solve x-8=-3.
- -11
- -5
- 5
- 11
- 24
Worked answer
5
Add 8 to both sides: x = -3+8.
-3+8 = 5, so x = 5.
Check: 5-8 = -3.
Problem 6
The sum of two numbers is 24 and their difference is 16. What is the larger number?
- 4
- 8
- 16
- 20
- 22
Worked answer
20
Call the numbers a and b with a+b = 24 and a-b = 16.
Adding the two equations eliminates b: 2a = 40, so a = 20.
Then b = 4. Check: 20+4 = 24 and 20-4 = 16.
Problem 7
Solve 4(2x+1)-3x=24.
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
Worked answer
4
Expand the bracket: 8x+4-3x = 24.
Collect like terms: 5x+4 = 24, so 5x = 20 and x = 4.
Check: 4(8+1)-12 = 36-12 = 24.
Problem 8
Solve 6x=-42.
- -7
- -6
- 6
- 7
- -36
Worked answer
-7
Divide both sides by 6: x = -426.
A negative divided by a positive is negative, so x = -7.
Check: 6(-7) = -42.
Problem 9
A number is tripled and then increased by 5, giving 26. What is the number?
- 5
- 7
- 9
- 10
- 21
Worked answer
7
Translate the sentence in the order it is written: 3n+5 = 26.
Subtract 5: 3n = 21, so n = 7.
Check: tripling 7 gives 21, and 21+5 = 26.
Problem 10
Three consecutive whole numbers add to 51. What is the largest of them?
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
Worked answer
18
Call the middle number n, so the three numbers are n-1, n and n+1.
Their sum is 3n, which equals 51, so n = 17 and the numbers are 16, 17 and 18.
The largest is 18. Naming the middle number is what makes the sum collapse to 3n.