Scarcity, Opportunity Cost & Decisions at the Margin — Drills · Grade 12 Social Studies

Chapter: Economic Foundations & Market Decisions

What these drills covers

By the end of Scarcity, Opportunity Cost & Decisions at the Margin you should be able to:

4 questions, written answer, each with a worked explanation.

Vocabulary used: scarcity, opportunity cost, sunk cost, marginal, production frontier.

Problem 1

Why does scarcity remain relevant when no purchase price is charged?
Answer and explanation

Limited time, materials, capacity, or other resources still have competing uses. A zero money price does not remove the alternative forgone or establish unlimited availability. Identify the scarce resource and feasible alternatives.

Problem 2

What is the opportunity cost of one booklet in the supplied model?
Answer and explanation

One booklet uses half an hour, during which four posters per hour would yield two posters. The cost is two posters per booklet under the stated constant rates. It is forgone feasible production, not an additional cash payment.

Problem 3

Why does irrecoverable prior spending not automatically justify continuing?
Answer and explanation

It is the same past cost under the remaining alternatives. The current decision turns on additional benefits, costs, and feasible options. Continuing solely to justify the sunk amount can add a further loss rather than recover it.

Problem 4

Why does a frontier point not automatically identify the socially preferred allocation?
Answer and explanation

It describes feasibility and represented resource use, not who benefits or which combination people value. A choice on the boundary can be efficient in the model while differing in fairness or desirability. State the evaluative criterion separately.

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