Mathematics

Grade 8 Math: scope and sequence

Transformations and congruence, linear equations and angles, functions and systems, bivariate data, then real numbers, Pythagoras and volume.

There is no fixed calendar for this course. The units are written to be taken in order, and most families spend one to two weeks on each.

The units, in order

#	Unit and what it covers	Lessons
1	Translations, Reflections & Rotations Three moves — slide, flip, turn — never change a shape. Everything in this unit follows from that one fact.	5
2	Congruence & Sequences of Transformations Two shapes are congruent exactly when some sequence of slides, flips and turns carries one onto the other.	4
3	Dilations & Similarity A dilation multiplies every distance from one fixed point by the same number. Angles survive; lengths do not.	4
4	Multi-Step Equations Distribute, collect, then undo. Every linear equation, however long, yields to that order.	5
5	Angle Relationships Parallel lines cut by a transversal make only two different angles. Knowing which is which unlocks every diagram.	4
6	Slope & Unit Rate Slope is a rate of change wearing a geometric coat: how much $y$ moves for every one step in $x$.	4
7	Linear Functions & y = mx + b Two numbers describe a whole line: where it starts, and how fast it changes.	4
8	What Is a Function? A function is a rule with no ambiguity: one input, exactly one output. That is the whole definition.	5
9	Systems of Linear Equations Two conditions at once. The answer is the single pair of numbers that satisfies both.	4
10	Scatter Plots & Association Two measurements per person, one dot each. The shape of the cloud is the finding.	4
11	Lines of Best Fit One line drawn through the middle of the cloud, then read like any other line: slope and intercept, with units.	4
12	Two-Way Tables Two yes-or-no questions, four boxes, and a set of totals that must agree. Then turn counts into percentages.	4
13	Squares & Square Roots Squaring and taking a square root undo each other. A root asks: what number, times itself, gives this?	5
14	Real Numbers Every number you meet this year is either rational — a fraction — or irrational. Knowing which tells you how it behaves.	5
15	Pythagorean Theorem In any right triangle, the two legs squared add to the hypotenuse squared. It turns a right angle into arithmetic.	6
16	Distance on the Coordinate Plane Draw the right triangle and the distance formula stops being something to memorise.	4
17	Exponents & Scientific Notation An exponent counts how many times you multiply, not what you multiply by. That one idea explains every rule.	5
18	Operations with Scientific Notation Handle the front numbers and the powers of ten separately, then tidy the result back into proper form.	4
19	Volume of Cylinders, Cones & Spheres Three formulas, one family. A cone is a third of its cylinder, and a sphere is two thirds of it.	5

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